Unity 多人联网：Mirror 与 NGO

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// Mirror
[Command]
void CmdFire() { }

[ClientRpc]
void RpcOnHit(int dmg) { }

// NGO
[Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
void CmdFireRpc() { }

[Rpc(SendTo.ClientsAndHost)]
void RpcOnHitRpc(int dmg) { }

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[SyncVar(hook = nameof(OnNameChanged))]
string playerName;

[Command]
void CmdSetName(string name)
{
    playerName = name; // 仅服务器赋值
}

void OnNameChanged(string oldVal, string newVal)
{
    // 在客户端执行：更新 TMP/UI
    nameText.text = newVal;
}

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public NetworkVariable<FixedString64Bytes> PlayerName = new(
    default,
    NetworkVariableReadPermission.Everyone,
    NetworkVariableWritePermission.Server);

[Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
void SubmitNameRpc(FixedString64Bytes name)
{
    PlayerName.Value = name;
}

public override void OnNetworkSpawn()
{
    PlayerName.OnValueChanged += (_, newVal) => nameText.text = newVal.ToString();
}

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if (IsServer)
{
    var go = Instantiate(prefab, pos, rot);
    go.GetComponent<NetworkObject>().Spawn();
}

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void Update()
{
    if (!IsOwner) return;
    SubmitMoveRpc(ComputeTarget());
}

[Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
void SubmitMoveRpc(Vector3 pos)
{
    if (!ValidateMove(pos)) return;
    transform.position = pos;
}

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void Update()
{
    if (!isOwned) return;
    CmdMove(ComputeTarget());
}

[Command]
void CmdMove(Vector3 pos)
{
    if (!ValidateMove(pos)) return;
    transform.position = pos;
}

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ServerButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartServer());
HostButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartHost());
ClientButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient());

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NetworkManager.singleton.StartServer();  // 专服
NetworkManager.singleton.StartHost();    // 房主
NetworkManager.singleton.StartClient();  // 加入（地址端口在 Transport / Manager 配置）

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[Command]
void CmdFire(Vector3 dir)
{
    // 仅在服务器执行：校验、扣弹药、伤害
}

[ClientRpc]
void RpcPlayMuzzleFx()
{
    // 各客户端播特效
}

[TargetRpc]
void TargetRpcShowMessage(string msg)
{
    // 仅目标客户端显示
}

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void Update()
{
    if (!isServer) return; // 或 [ServerCallback] 包一层
    SimulateAI();
}

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#### 为什么本地直接改 UI 别人看不到？

UI 只是本机显示。必须走：**Command → 服务器改 SyncVar → 同步 → hook 改 UI**。

#### 与 NGO 对照

| Mirror | NGO |
|--------|-----|
| `[SyncVar]` | `NetworkVariable<T>` |
| `hook` | `OnValueChanged` |

---

### 场景管理

| 配置 | 作用 |
|------|------|
| **Offline Scene** | 断开连接后自动加载 |
| **Online Scene** | 连接成功后自动加载 |
| **ServerChangeScene** | 服务器切换场景并同步给客户端 |

```csharp
NetworkManager.singleton.ServerChangeScene("GameScene");

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// 仅服务器
NetworkServer.Spawn(go);

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NetworkPlayer (NetworkIdentity + NetworkTransform)
└── LocalXRRig（仅 isOwned 时启用，不同步 Rig 根）

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void Update()
{
    if (!isOwned) return;
    CmdMove(ComputeTargetFromXR());
}

[Command]
void CmdMove(Vector3 worldPos)
{
    if (!ValidateMove(worldPos)) return;
    transform.position = worldPos; // 或由 NetworkTransform 同步
}

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[Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
void CmdFireRpc() { }

[Rpc(SendTo.ClientsAndHost)]
void RpcOnHitRpc(int damage) { }

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// 常用入口
NetworkManager.Singleton.StartServer();
NetworkManager.Singleton.StartHost();
NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient();
NetworkManager.Singleton.Shutdown(); // 断开并清理网络对象

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public class MyNetObj : NetworkBehaviour
{
    public override void OnNetworkSpawn()
    {
        // 已 Spawn，可安全用 NetworkVariable / RPC
        if (IsOwner) { /* 绑定输入 */ }
        someVar.OnValueChanged += OnSomeVarChanged;
    }

    public override void OnNetworkDespawn()
    {
        someVar.OnValueChanged -= OnSomeVarChanged;
    }

    public override void OnGainedOwnership() { }   // 所有权转移给你
    public override void OnLostOwnership() { }    // 失去所有权
}

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public class NetworkedVRPlayer : NetworkBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField] Transform xrCamera; // 仅 Owner 本地引用

    void Update()
    {
        if (!IsOwner) return;
        // 采集本帧目标（例：摇杆 / 传送点）
        Vector3 target = ComputeTargetFromInput();
        SubmitMoveRpc(target);
    }

    [Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
    void SubmitMoveRpc(Vector3 worldPosition)
    {
        // 服务器校验（距离、冷却、是否在 NavMesh 上）
        if (!ValidateMove(worldPosition)) return;
        transform.position = worldPosition;
        // 若挂了 NetworkTransform，由组件自动同步；否则写 NetworkVariable
    }

    bool ValidateMove(Vector3 pos) => Vector3.Distance(transform.position, pos) < 5f;
}

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using Unity.Netcode;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

public class NetworkManagerUI : MonoBehaviour
{
    [SerializeField] private Button ServerButton;
    [SerializeField] private Button HostButton;
    [SerializeField] private Button ClientButton;

    void Awake()
    {
        ServerButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartServer());
        HostButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartHost());
        ClientButton.onClick.AddListener(() => NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient());
    }
}

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using Unity.Netcode;
using UnityEngine;

namespace HelloWorld
{
    public class HelloWorldPlayer : NetworkBehaviour
    {
        // 默认：Server 写，所有人读
        public NetworkVariable<Vector3> Position = new NetworkVariable<Vector3>(
            Vector3.zero,
            NetworkVariableReadPermission.Everyone,
            NetworkVariableWritePermission.Server);

        public override void OnNetworkSpawn()
        {
            Position.OnValueChanged += (_, newVal) => transform.position = newVal;
            if (IsOwner) Move();
        }

        public override void OnNetworkDespawn()
        {
            Position.OnValueChanged -= (_, newVal) => transform.position = newVal;
        }

        public void Move() => SubmitPositionRequestRpc();

        [Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
        private void SubmitPositionRequestRpc(RpcParams rpcParams = default)
        {
            var randomPosition = GetRandomPositionOnPlane();
            transform.position = randomPosition;
            Position.Value = randomPosition; // 仅 Server 可写
        }

        static Vector3 GetRandomPositionOnPlane()
        {
            return new Vector3(Random.Range(-3f, 3f), 1f, Random.Range(-3f, 3f));
        }
    }
}

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##### 4. NetworkTransform 测试

```csharp
using System;
using Unity.Netcode;
using UnityEngine;

public class NetworkTransformTest : NetworkBehaviour
{
    private void Update()
    {
        if (!IsServer) return;
        float theta = Time.frameCount / 10.0f;
        transform.position = new Vector3(
            (float)Math.Cos(theta), 0f, (float)Math.Sin(theta));
    }
}

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public NetworkVariable<int> Health = new NetworkVariable<int>(
    100,
    NetworkVariableReadPermission.Everyone,      // 谁可读
    NetworkVariableWritePermission.Server);      // 谁可写（常用 Server）

public NetworkVariable<float> Charge = new NetworkVariable<float>(
    0f,
    NetworkVariableReadPermission.Everyone,
    NetworkVariableWritePermission.Owner);       // 仅 Owner 可写（仍经服务器转发）

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Health.OnValueChanged += (oldVal, newVal) =>
{
    Debug.Log($"HP {oldVal} -> {newVal}");
};

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[Rpc(SendTo.Server)]
void CmdTakeDamageRpc(int damage, RpcParams p = default)
{
    if (!IsServer) return;
    int hp = Mathf.Max(0, Health.Value - damage);
    Health.Value = hp;
    if (hp == 0) RpcPlayDeathFxRpc();
}

[Rpc(SendTo.ClientsAndHost)]
void RpcPlayDeathFxRpc()
{
  // 各端播死亡特效（不含玩法判定）
}

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// 仅服务器（或 Host 的服务器侧）可 Spawn
if (IsServer)
{
    var go = Instantiate(prefab, pos, rot);
    var netObj = go.GetComponent<NetworkObject>();
    netObj.Spawn(); // 默认把 Player 的 connection 作为 owner 时可 SpawnWithOwnership
    // netObj.SpawnWithOwnership(clientId);
}

// 销毁
if (IsServer)
    netObj.Despawn(); // 推荐：走网络销毁
// Destroy(go) 需知会网络层，否则易留幽灵对象

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// NetworkManager 上挂脚本，或在自定义 Manager 里订阅
void Start()
{
    NetworkManager.Singleton.ConnectionApprovalCallback = ApprovalCheck;
    NetworkManager.Singleton.NetworkConfig.ConnectionApproval = true;
}

void ApprovalCheck(
    NetworkManager.ConnectionApprovalRequest request,
    NetworkManager.ConnectionApprovalResponse response)
{
    string payload = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(request.Payload);
    bool approved = payload == "expected_token";
    response.Approved = approved;
    response.CreatePlayerObject = approved;
    response.Pending = false;
}

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void Start()
{
    var args = System.Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
    if (System.Array.IndexOf(args, "-server") >= 0)
        NetworkManager.Singleton.StartServer();
    else if (System.Array.IndexOf(args, "-client") >= 0)
        NetworkManager.Singleton.StartClient();
}